Menopause and Cholesterol: Why Levels Rise and What You Can Do

Did you know that your cholesterol levels can go up during menopause?

It's a sneaky thing that tends to creep up for a lot of us during menopause. But there's plenty of things we can do that help keep our cholesterol—and overall health—in balance.

Do Cholesterol levels increase in perimenopause?

Yes — cholesterol levels often begin to rise during perimenopause.

As we move into perimenopause, estrogen levels begin to decline and fluctuate. Estrogen plays an important role in helping the body manage cholesterol.

One of the liver’s main jobs is to help keep cholesterol balanced by removing extra LDL (“bad”) cholesterol from the blood. You can think of the liver as a recycling center for cholesterol. Estrogen helps keep the machines in that recycling center running smoothly.

When estrogen levels drop, those machines don’t work as efficiently. The liver becomes slower at processing and clearing LDL cholesterol, which means more LDL stays in the bloodstream. Over time, this can cause cholesterol levels to rise — even if diet and lifestyle haven’t changed.

Why Rising Cholesterol in Perimenopause Matters

Heart disease is the number one cause of death for women, yet many women worry more about breast cancer than cardiovascular disease.

While breast cancer is serious and deserves attention, the reality is that more women die from heart disease each year than from all cancers combined.

Rising LDL (“bad”) cholesterol can increase the build up of plaque in the arteries. Over time, this can raise the chance of heart attack and stroke. Because cholesterol changes often happen quietly — without symptoms — many women don’t realize their risk is increasing.

Understanding how menopause affects cholesterol allows women to monitor changes early and take steps to protect their hearts through nutrition, movement, stress management, and regular health screenings.

When to Start Screening Cholesterol in Perimenopause

Because cholesterol levels often begin to change during perimenopause — and because heart disease risk increases after menopause — regular cholesterol screening becomes especially important in midlife.

Many women are surprised to learn that their cholesterol is elevated in their 40s or 50s, even if their diet and exericse hasn't changed.

For that reason it is important to have your cholesterol levels checked regularly, and more often if they have additional risk factors such as a family history of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, or early menopause.

What’s a Normal Cholesterol for Women Over 50?

There isn’t one perfect cholesterol number for everyone. Target levels can vary based on personal health history, family risk, and other factors.

Typical reference ranges include:

• Total cholesterol: less than 200 mg/dL (5.2 mmol/L)
• LDL (“bad”) cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL (3.0 mmol/L)
• HDL (“good”) cholesterol: 50 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) or higher
• Triglycerides: less than 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L)

Hearing that your cholesterol is “high” can feel alarming. While elevated cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, it’s also an opportunity — a signal to focus on habits that support heart health and overall well-being.

That’s where nutrition, movement, stress management, and sleep play an important role.

Related: Menopause and High Blood Pressure: What Every Woman Should Know

What is the Best Diet for High Cholesterol and Menopause?

My top pick for menopausal women, not just for managing cholesterol, but for boosting overall health is the the Mediterranean-style of eating.

Here's the key strategies you need to focus on:

1. Eat lots of Fruits and Vegetables

Fruits and veggies do more than add color to your plate—they’re packed with vitamins, minerals, and fiber, all of which help manage cholesterol.

Try adding different colors to each meal, like berries, leafy greens, and squash, as each color brings its own health benefits. Like we tell our kids: Eat a rainbow.

2. Use Whole Grains

Whole grains, which are rich in fiber, help limit how much cholesterol your body absorbs. Swapping out white bread or pasta for whole-grain options, like oats or barley, is a heart-healthy choice.

For example, oats and barley have a special fiber called beta-glucan that can help lower cholesterol if you get about 3–5 grams a day (about 1 ½ cups of cooked oatmeal or 1 cup of cooked barley is all you need).

Find a complete list of high fiber foods here.

3. Try Plant Proteins

Adding plant-based proteins—like beans, lentils, and peas—is another great way to eat more heart-healthy foods. Unlike animal proteins, plant proteins don’t contain cholesterol and have less saturated fat.

Soy is a standout here; 25 grams per day as part of a low-fat diet can lower cholesterol by about 3–5%.

You can get 25 grams of soy protein by eating a mix of options, like 1 cup of cooked edamame (18 grams), 1 cup of soy milk (7 grams), or ½ cup of tofu (about 10 grams).

Additionally, incorporating a scoop of soy protein powder into your smoothies, oatmeal, or baking recipes is another great way to boost your soy protein intake.

4. Add Fish and Seafood

Eating fish, especially fatty types like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, can help boost your “good” HDL cholesterol. Aim for two servings a week for the best heart benefits.

5. Choose Low-Fat Dairy Products

Low-fat dairy, like skim milk or low-fat yogurt, offers calcium and protein without too much saturated fat, which can help keep cholesterol in check.

6. Use Healthy Fats

Healthy fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats) are found in avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil. They help to improve HDL cholesterol and lower inflammation when used instead of saturated fats (like butter).

These healthy fats can add some yum to your meals while supporting your heart health.

7. Try Plant Stanols and Sterols

Plant stanols and sterols are natural compounds in foods like fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds that help lower cholesterol by blocking some cholesterol from being absorbed in the body. Eating about 2 grams daily can lower “bad” LDL cholesterol by 5–10% in just a few weeks.

While it’s great to include all these foods in your diet, reaching the recommended 2 grams per day usually requires fortified products, like certain margarines, orange juices, and yogurts.

Other Lifestyle Tips for Lowering Cholesterol

1. Add “Exercise Snacks”

Exercise doesn’t have to be a full workout to benefit your heart. Short bursts of activity—like a minute or two of stair climbing, jumping jacks, or a few squats—can add up to meaningful fitness gains.

These ‘snacks' are fantastic for cardiovascular health.

2. Find Ways to Reduce Stress

Menopause can be stressful. Practices like meditation, deep breathing, or yoga you can help keep your cholesterol in check by reducing stress.

While adding positive habits during menopause helps manage cholesterol, it’s also important to recognize the big impact of quitting smoking and drinking less alcohol.

3. Quit Smoking and Watch Alcohol Intake

Quitting smoking can dramatically improve heart health, almost as soon as you quit.

If you drink alcohol, reducing how much you drink can also help improve cholesterol.

Learn more about alcohol in menopause and some fancy mocktails to try instead.

When Should You Get a Cholesterol Test?

If you’re over 40 and haven’t had your cholesterol checked yet, now might be time to consider it.

If you have high blood pressure, diabetes, or a family history of heart disease, check with your healthcare provider about getting tested earlier.

While cholesterol levels may shift during menopause, this stage is also a chance to embrace new habits and make choices that enrich our lives.

Focus on what you can add– nourishing foods, enjoyable physical activities, and practices that soothe your soul- to make you feel vibrant and well.

Check out: Some yummy Heart Healthy Snacks or Best Breakfasts to Lower your Cholesterol .